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Why Do I Feel Nothing When Something Good Happens to Me?
What is a sociopath, Annie Wright, LMFT
What is a sociopath, Annie Wright, LMFT
Woman sitting quietly at a window after receiving good news, feeling emotionally numb. Annie Wright trauma therapy

Why Do I Feel Nothing When Something Good Happens to Me?

LAST UPDATED: APRIL 2026

SUMMARY

If you’ve landed a promotion, received genuine love, or achieved something you worked hard for. And felt a strange, hollow nothing instead of joy. You’re not broken and you’re not ungrateful. For many driven women carrying relational trauma or complex PTSD, the inability to feel positive emotions is a neurobiological reality called emotional numbing or anhedonia. This article explains exactly why it happens, what it looks like, and what genuine healing actually requires.

Last reviewed: June 2026 by Annie Wright, LMFT

QUICK ANSWER · UPDATED JUNE 2026

Anhedonia is the reduced ability to experience pleasure or positive emotional reward, a symptom that appears in both Major Depressive Disorder and complex PTSD, and for survivors of relational trauma it often manifests as feeling hollow or unmoved in moments that should feel good, like promotions, compliments, or genuine love. Donald Klein, MD, Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at Columbia University, distinguished between anticipatory and consummatory anhedonia, helping clarify why some people can still want things but can’t feel satisfied when they get them. It’s a neurobiological reality, not ingratitude or emotional coldness. In my work with driven women, the hardest part is usually that the absence of positive feeling is invisible to everyone around them, which makes it one of the loneliest symptoms of trauma.


In short: Anhedonia is the neurobiological inability to feel pleasure or positive emotional reward, a core symptom of depression and complex PTSD that leaves driven women achieving measurable success while feeling a strange, hollow nothing where satisfaction should be.

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HOW I KNOW THIS

In more than 15,000 clinical hours, I’ve worked with driven women who describe winning major professional milestones and feeling no relief or joy, a presentation that points consistently to trauma-related anhedonia rather than simple burnout. The neurobiological basis of anhedonia in depression and trauma is extensively documented by Bessel van der Kolk, MD, psychiatrist and trauma researcher (van der Kolk 2014).

The Promotion That Felt Like Nothing

Carmen got the call on a Tuesday afternoon in late October. She was standing in the parking garage of her building, keys in hand, when her phone rang and her VP told her she’d been selected for the director role she’d been quietly working toward for three years. She remembers the exact quality of the light filtering through the concrete slats. She remembers nodding, saying “thank you, I’m really honored,” and meaning it, technically. What she doesn’t remember is feeling anything.

She sat in her car for twenty minutes after the call. She waited. For the surge, for the tears, for the fist pump she’d imagined in a hundred small fantasies about this moment. Nothing came. She texted her partner: “I got it.” She drove home. She made dinner. That night, she lay in bed staring at the ceiling and thought: Something is deeply wrong with me.

In my work with clients, I hear versions of Carmen’s story more often than you might expect. The details change. It’s a wedding day that feels flat, a baby announcement that produces no warmth, a completed dissertation that lands with a thud instead of a triumph. But the pattern is remarkably consistent: a woman who has worked hard, who genuinely cares about the outcome, who by any external measure should be celebrating. And who instead encounters a wall of emotional static where joy was supposed to be.

This experience has a name, a neurological explanation, and. Critically. A path through it. If you’ve lived inside this particular kind of numbness, this article is for you.

What Is Emotional Numbing After Trauma?

The clinical literature uses several overlapping terms to describe what Carmen experienced. Emotional numbing refers to a diminished capacity to experience the full range of emotions. Particularly positive ones. That can develop as a response to chronic stress or trauma. It’s distinct from depression (though often co-occurring), distinct from lack of caring, and distinct from introversion or emotional reserve. It’s more like having a dimmer switch stuck at low on the positive side of your emotional spectrum.

DEFINITION ANHEDONIA

From the Greek anhedonia (“without pleasure”), this term describes the reduced ability to experience pleasure or positive emotional reward. Donald Klein, MD, Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at Columbia University and a foundational figure in psychopharmacology, distinguished between anticipatory anhedonia (inability to look forward to things) and consummatory anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure in the moment of something good). His work helped establish anhedonia as a core feature of both depression and trauma-spectrum presentations rather than a secondary symptom.

In plain terms: It’s not that you don’t want to feel good things. It’s that your nervous system’s reward machinery is muted. Often because it learned, very early, that feeling too much was dangerous.

Emotional numbing sits on a continuum. On one end, it might feel like a mild blunting. Life seems slightly two-dimensional, pleasures are muted, emotions feel like they’re arriving from behind glass. On the other end, it can feel like total dissociation from positive experience: watching your own life like a film you don’t quite believe you’re in. Women carrying relational trauma or complex PTSD often describe the more severe end of this spectrum.

It’s also important to distinguish emotional numbing from what might look like emotional flatness from the outside. Many driven women are actually quite emotionally responsive to negative experiences. They feel anxiety sharply, feel shame with devastating clarity, feel fear or dread in a heartbeat. What’s specifically muted is the positive register: joy, pride, warmth, satisfaction, delight. This asymmetry is one of trauma’s more cruel signatures.

DEFINITION EMOTIONAL NUMBING

A defensive psychological and neurobiological process in which the nervous system reduces the amplitude of emotional experience. Often selectively blunting positive affect. In response to chronic overwhelm, relational trauma, or repeated emotional unsafety in early attachment relationships. Bessel van der Kolk, MD, Founder of the Trauma Research Foundation and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at Boston University School of Medicine, describes emotional numbing as a core feature of traumatic stress in his foundational text The Body Keeps the Score (2014), noting that the same neural systems suppressed to dull pain also suppress capacity for pleasure and connection. (PMID: 9384857)

In plain terms: Your nervous system learned to turn down the volume on all feelings to survive. The problem is it can’t selectively mute just the painful ones. So the good ones get quieted too.

It’s worth naming, too, what emotional numbing is not. It’s not ingratitude, though you may have accused yourself of exactly that. It’s not selfishness or entitlement. It’s not a character flaw. And it’s absolutely not permanent. Though it can feel that way when you’ve been inside it for years.

The Neurobiology of Feeling Nothing

To understand why good things don’t register emotionally, you have to understand something about how the brain’s reward system works. And how trauma disrupts it. The brain’s mesolimbic dopamine pathway, sometimes called the reward circuit, is responsible for generating the anticipatory pleasure and in-the-moment satisfaction that we associate with good things happening. When this system is functioning normally, achievements, loving gestures, and pleasurable experiences trigger dopamine release, which creates felt positive emotion.

In traumatized nervous systems, this reward circuit is frequently dysregulated. Research by Ruth Lanius, MD, Canada Research Chair in PTSD and Professor of Psychiatry at Western University in London, Ontario, has used neuroimaging to demonstrate that individuals with PTSD and complex PTSD show markedly reduced activation in reward-processing regions of the brain in response to positive stimuli. Her work. Particularly her 2015 review in Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. Helped establish that trauma doesn’t just create hyperreactivity to threat; it also creates hypo-reactivity to reward.

This is the neurological picture of what Carmen experienced in that parking garage. Her reward circuit wasn’t broken. It was suppressed, dampened by years of a nervous system that had learned to stay vigilant and emotionally contracted rather than open and receptive. The body doesn’t know the danger has passed. It learned that opening up to feeling, to hoping, to softening into joy, was risky. And it’s still applying that lesson.

There’s also a role for the autonomic nervous system here. Stephen Porges, PhD, Distinguished University Scientist at Indiana University and developer of Polyvagal Theory, describes how chronic trauma can chronically activate the dorsal vagal shutdown response. A deep, primitive defensive state characterized by immobility, disconnection, and emotional flatness. When the dorsal vagal brake is engaged, the capacity for positive social engagement and felt joy is substantially reduced. This is the nervous system’s equivalent of playing dead when the threat becomes overwhelming. And for many trauma survivors, it becomes a chronic baseline rather than an acute response. (PMID: 7652107)

The implications of this neurobiological picture are important: feeling nothing when good things happen isn’t a failure of gratitude or a character defect. It’s a physiological state, and it responds to physiological intervention. Including the right kind of trauma-informed therapeutic work.

RESEARCH EVIDENCE

Peer-reviewed findings that inform this clinical framework:

  • emotional abuse correlates with internal shame r=0.28 (PMID: 37312168)

How Anhedonia Shows Up in Driven Women

There are some presentations of emotional numbing that are relatively easy to identify because they match the cultural template: the person who stays in bed, who can’t enjoy food, who withdraws from friends. But in driven women who are also highly functional, anhedonia tends to wear a very different disguise.

What I see consistently in my work is women who are outwardly thriving. Building businesses, raising families, maintaining demanding careers. While privately living in a kind of affective gray zone. They’re not incapacitated. They’re often extraordinarily productive. But when you ask them what it feels like to succeed, they reach for a description and come up empty, or describe a very brief flicker of something before the familiar flatness reasserts itself.

Some specific patterns I observe:

The achievement treadmill. Because achievements don’t register with felt satisfaction, there’s a compulsive quality to the pursuit of the next goal. If this promotion didn’t generate joy, maybe the next one will. If this relationship doesn’t feel like enough, maybe the right relationship will. The driven woman with anhedonia is often unconsciously using external achievements as an attempt to kick-start the reward system that won’t activate on its own. This can look like ambition from the outside; it often feels like desperation from the inside.

Difficulty receiving love. When someone offers genuine warmth, appreciation, or care, there’s often a muted response. A polite “thank you” that covers a strange internal blankness. This is particularly painful in intimate relationships, where partners may feel like they can’t reach the woman they love. If this pattern resonates, you might find some recognition in the work on childhood emotional neglect. Particularly how early relational patterns shape adult capacity for receiving care.

Delayed or displaced emotion. Sometimes the feeling does come. But later, displaced, and often in an unexpected form. Carmen might not feel joy at her promotion, but three days later she might cry inexplicably while watching a nature documentary. The emotion found a back door when the front one was locked. This isn’t pathological; it’s actually evidence that the capacity for feeling is still there, just rerouted.

Emotional exhaustion as a baseline. Chronic numbing is tiring. When you’re consistently using cognitive and behavioral effort to compensate for an affective flatness. Performing enthusiasm, projecting engagement, managing others’ expectations of how you “should” feel. You burn through enormous resources. Many driven women with this pattern describe a pervasive sense of exhaustion that rest doesn’t fully touch.

The Connection to Childhood Relational Wounds

Emotional numbing doesn’t typically emerge from a single traumatic event. More often, it’s the accumulated residue of a relational environment where positive emotions weren’t safe, weren’t mirrored, or weren’t welcome. Understanding this connection is crucial for healing. Because the body is always making logical sense of the environment it grew up in.

Consider the following common childhood scenarios that can lead to emotional numbing as an adult:

Your joy was regularly interrupted or dismissed. You came home excited about something, and a parent minimized it, redirected the conversation to their own concerns, or punished your visible happiness as “showing off.” Over time, the nervous system learns: don’t open up too much. Joy is a vulnerability. Excitement invites disappointment.

Your positive emotions were used against you. In some family systems, displaying happiness or pride made you a target. For a sibling’s jealousy, a parent’s competitive diminishment, or a family narrative that your success reflected poorly on others. The lesson embedded was: felt happiness is dangerous. Keep it small. Keep it hidden.

Emotional expression was simply not modeled. In families characterized by childhood emotional neglect, the problem wasn’t always overt harm. It was an absence of emotional life altogether. Nobody celebrated. Nobody expressed delight. Nobody modeled what it looked like to take in something good and let it land in the body. If you never saw this done, your nervous system never learned how.

You learned to survive by staying flat. In households characterized by emotional volatility, chaos, or unpredictability, one common adaptive strategy is to stay emotionally leveled. Neither too up nor too down. Because strong feeling in either direction could disrupt the fragile equilibrium that kept you safer. This is a brilliant survival strategy that loses its utility in adult life, but it doesn’t dissolve on its own.

Simone grew up in a family where her mother struggled with alcoholism and severe depression. The household had a particular quality of emotional weather: unpredictable, occasionally stormy, often overcast. Simone learned early that her own positive emotions were an imposition. Her mother’s suffering was so visible and so consuming that taking up emotional space with happiness felt cruel, even shameful. She became a quiet child, then a contained adolescent, then a brilliantly competent attorney who couldn’t understand why winning cases didn’t feel like anything. In our work together, she described feeling like she’d “put her emotions in cold storage” somewhere around age eight. And had simply never retrieved them.

What Simone’s story illustrates is something I see across the work on intergenerational trauma: the numbing strategies we develop in childhood are faithful adaptations to an environment that required them. They become problems only when they persist in contexts that are actually safe. When we carry yesterday’s solution into today’s circumstances.

In my work with clients, one of the most painful paradoxes I witness is feeling emotionally flat precisely when life looks most complete from the outside. A dissonance that points directly toward unresolved relational trauma.

This phrase captures something essential about the experience of anhedonia in driven women: the outward abundance. The career, the relationships, the accomplishments. Coexisting with an inner poverty of felt experience. The tragedy isn’t the lack of good things. It’s the inability to metabolize them.

There’s also a profound connection between emotional numbing and the body. When positive emotions don’t register in felt experience, it’s often because the body’s sensory capacity has been dimmed alongside the emotional one. Inner child work and somatic approaches address this specifically. Helping women reconnect with the body-level experience of feeling that was shut down in early relational contexts.

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DEFINITION POSITIVE AFFECT BLUNTING IN COMPLEX PTSD

A clinically recognized feature of complex PTSD in which the capacity for positive emotional experience. Including joy, pride, love, pleasure, and satisfaction. Is significantly diminished. Judith Herman, MD, Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Cambridge Health Alliance and author of Trauma and Recovery (1992/2015), identified this phenomenon as part of the “alterations in consciousness” cluster in complex trauma presentations, noting that survivors often describe “a sense of numbness or detachment from the world” that specifically impairs their relationship with positive experience. (PMID: 22729977)

In plain terms: Complex trauma doesn’t just make you reactive to bad things. It steals your capacity to fully take in good ones. This is a recognized clinical pattern, not a personality flaw.

Both/And: You Can Be Grateful and Still Feel Nothing

One of the most painful secondary layers of emotional numbing is the shame spiral it generates. You know you have reasons to feel good. You can list them. You might feel genuine cognitive gratitude. An intellectual acknowledgment that your life contains things worthy of appreciation. But the felt sense of gratitude, the warm embodied experience of it, is simply absent. And that gap between what you “should” feel and what you actually feel creates its own anguish.

Here’s what I want to offer as a both/and reframe: You can be genuinely, sincerely grateful. And feel nothing. These are not contradictory. They exist on different registers. Cognitive gratitude is a thought. Felt emotion is a body state. And a body state is not something you can simply choose to generate through sufficient appreciation or sufficient willpower. If your nervous system’s capacity for positive affect is suppressed by trauma, the solution isn’t to practice more gratitude. The solution is to address the underlying neurobiological suppression.

This matters enormously because the alternative. The belief that your numbness is a gratitude failure, a character defect, a symptom of being fundamentally deficient. Is both factually wrong and clinically harmful. It adds an unnecessary layer of self-attack to an already painful experience. It turns a treatable neurobiological pattern into an indictment of your character.

Both/and also applies to motivation. You can deeply want to feel joy. And simultaneously be completely unable to manufacture it. You can love your partner. And still feel strangely untouched when they tell you they love you. You can be proud of your work. And have that pride live entirely in your mind while your body stays flat. None of these contradictions make you broken. They make you someone whose nervous system learned a survival strategy that it hasn’t yet had the safety to unlearn.

Women who struggle with relational conflict avoidance or codependency patterns often find that this both/and framing is the first thing that genuinely reduces the self-attack around their emotional numbing. The problem was never you. The problem was an environment that made numbing necessary. And a nervous system that served you faithfully.

The Systemic Lens: When Numbness Was the Safest Option

It would be incomplete to look at emotional numbing purely as an individual psychological problem without also examining the broader systemic and cultural forces that reinforce it. Particularly for driven women.

Western professional culture has a deeply ambivalent relationship with positive emotion, particularly for women in leadership. Visible enthusiasm can be read as naivety. Expressed joy can be dismissed as unprofessionalism. Pride in one’s own accomplishments is frequently penalized as “arrogance”. A label applied disproportionately to women who dare to claim satisfaction in what they’ve built. The culture tells women to perform appropriate emotion (warm, enthusiastic, grateful, accessible) while suppressing inconvenient emotion (anger, grief, pride, desire). And to keep the full range of felt experience carefully managed and contained.

In this context, emotional numbing isn’t purely a trauma response. It’s also a highly rational adaptation to a professional environment that has punished the full expression of feeling. When a woman has learned that visible joy attracts scrutiny, or that expressed pride invites diminishment, the nervous system. Ever pragmatic. Stops generating those states readily. This is systemic conditioning overlaid on top of whatever individual relational wounding already existed.

There is also a racial and cultural dimension that must be named. For Black women, women of color, and women from cultures where emotional expression was itself a safety risk. Where displaying vulnerability or joy could attract negative attention or retribution. The suppression of positive affect has an additional social logic. The historical trauma of having emotional expression used as evidence against you, or of learning that softening in any direction made you less safe, lives in the body in ways that purely individual therapeutic frameworks don’t always capture. Intergenerational trauma research increasingly recognizes how collective and cultural wounds shape individual nervous system baselines.

Understanding this systemic context doesn’t dissolve the wound. But it changes its meaning. You weren’t defective. You were adaptive. Your nervous system made the best calculations it could with the information it had available. The work of healing isn’t about shaming yourself into feeling more; it’s about creating enough safety. Internally and externally. For the numbing to gradually release.

How to Begin Thawing Your Emotional Life

If you’ve recognized yourself in these pages. If Carmen’s parking garage or Simone’s cold storage resonates. The next question is usually: what do I do with this? Healing emotional numbing is genuine work, and it doesn’t happen through insight alone, though insight is a necessary starting point. Here’s what the clinical evidence and my own work with clients suggests actually helps.

Start with trauma-informed therapy that includes body-based work. Because emotional numbing is as much a body-state as a psychological one, approaches that work exclusively at the cognitive or narrative level often aren’t sufficient on their own. EMDR, somatic experiencing, sensorimotor psychotherapy, and parts-based approaches like Internal Family Systems have all shown efficacy for the blunted affect seen in complex trauma. If you’ve worked with a therapist who focused primarily on cognitive reframing and found it helpful but incomplete, this may be why. Trauma-informed therapy that integrates body awareness is frequently a missing piece.

Practice tolerance of small positive experiences. One evidence-based approach is what researchers call “savoring”. Deliberately extending attention to genuinely pleasant experiences, however minor. This isn’t toxic positivity or forced gratitude; it’s a neurological exercise in gently stimulating the reward circuit. The goal isn’t to manufacture intense joy. It’s to practice staying with a small good thing slightly longer than you usually would. A warm cup of tea. Sunlight on your skin. The satisfaction of a well-turned sentence. These micro-moments are building blocks for restoring positive affect capacity.

Notice and name without judgment. Part of the work is developing a more accurate and compassionate internal narration. Instead of “I should feel happy but I feel nothing, something is wrong with me,” practice: “I’m noticing flatness here. My nervous system learned to be cautious with positive emotion. This is a pattern I’m working on changing.” The narration matters because shame itself activates threat responses that further suppress positive affect. Self-compassion isn’t a nice-to-have; it’s neurologically necessary for the healing work.

Examine your relationship with achievement. If you’ve been using accomplishments as an attempt to kickstart a reward system that isn’t firing, it’s worth slowing down enough to ask: what am I actually trying to feel? What do I imagine this next goal will give me that this one didn’t? Working with a therapist or through a structured program like Fixing the Foundations can help you disentangle the compulsive achievement drive from genuine aspiration. And begin to build a different relationship with both.

Address the relational context. Because emotional numbing so often has roots in early attachment, it often responds most powerfully in the context of a safe therapeutic relationship. One that provides the corrective emotional experience of being genuinely seen, not just understood cognitively. For many women, the felt experience of being emotionally held in therapy is itself a form of neurological training: the nervous system gradually learns that it’s safe to be open, safe to let something in. This is slow work, but it’s real work, and it changes the underlying wiring rather than just the surface behavior.

If you’re uncertain where to start, taking Annie’s free quiz can help you identify the specific relational wound most likely underlying your particular pattern of numbing. And point you toward the most relevant work.

There’s something I want to say before we close that feels important: the fact that you’re asking “why do I feel nothing when good things happen?” is itself significant. You haven’t stopped wanting to feel. The hunger for genuine experience is still there, still asking questions, still reaching toward something different. That reaching is not nothing. It’s actually the beginning. The first stirring of the thaw.

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Q: Is emotional numbness when good things happen the same as depression?

A: They overlap but aren’t identical. Both major depression and trauma-related emotional numbing can include anhedonia. Reduced capacity for positive emotion. But in depression, there’s typically also low mood, reduced energy, changes in sleep and appetite, and often a pervasive negative affect that’s hard to escape. In trauma-related numbing, you might function quite well and even feel anxiety or distress sharply, while specifically lacking access to the positive register. Many women have both. Complex PTSD and depression frequently co-occur, and treating one without the other often produces incomplete results. A thorough clinical assessment can help distinguish what’s driving your particular presentation.

Q: Can emotional numbing go away on its own if things in my life improve?

A: Sometimes external circumstances do make a meaningful difference. Leaving a toxic relationship, exiting a chronically stressful job, or simply having more safety and rest can allow the nervous system to begin relaxing its guard. But for numbing rooted in early relational trauma, improved circumstances alone rarely produce full recovery. The nervous system’s learned suppression of positive affect was established long before your current circumstances, and it doesn’t automatically update just because things are better now. That’s why targeted clinical work. Particularly body-based trauma therapy. Tends to produce more reliable and lasting change than external change alone.

Q: I can feel fear and anxiety intensely, but joy and pride just don’t land. Is that normal for trauma survivors?

A: Yes. And this asymmetry is one of the more characteristic features of trauma-related emotional numbing. The threat-detection circuitry (amygdala, sympathetic nervous system) remains highly activated, while the reward-processing circuitry is suppressed. The result is exactly what you’re describing: a kind of nervous system configuration that’s exquisitely sensitive to danger and relatively insensitive to reward. This isn’t a character trait. It’s a neurological fingerprint of a system that learned to prioritize threat detection above all else. It’s also one of the clearest indicators that trauma-focused treatment, rather than general anxiety management, is what’s likely to help.

Q: What if I was never overtly abused or neglected. Can I still have emotional numbing from trauma?

A: Absolutely. Some of the most profound relational wounding comes not from what happened but from what didn’t. Attunement that wasn’t offered, emotions that weren’t mirrored, joy that wasn’t celebrated, vulnerability that wasn’t received. Childhood emotional neglect. Which often occurs in families that look functional or even loving from the outside. Produces exactly this pattern: a person who learned to suppress positive affect because there was no one available to receive it and amplify it back. If your emotional experience as a child consistently met with absence, distraction, or subtle dismissal, the nervous system can develop the same numbing patterns as more overtly traumatic environments.

Q: Will medication help with emotional numbness?

A: It depends significantly on what’s driving the numbing. Some antidepressants. Particularly SSRIs. Can themselves cause emotional blunting as a side effect, which can actually worsen this symptom if it’s already present. For trauma-related numbing specifically, most clinicians recommend trauma-focused therapy as the primary intervention, with medication playing a supporting role if needed. It’s worth having a detailed conversation with a psychiatrist who is knowledgeable about trauma if you’re considering medication. Medications like low-dose naltrexone, ketamine-assisted therapy, and certain augmentation strategies are emerging as potentially helpful for anhedonia specifically, but the evidence base is still developing.

Q: My partner says I seem “checked out” even during good moments. How do I explain emotional numbing to someone who loves me?

A: This is one of the most painful relational dimensions of emotional numbing. The most honest explanation is also the most vulnerable one: “I have a history that taught my nervous system to stay emotionally contracted, and it’s affecting my ability to fully take in good things. Including you. It’s not about you. It’s not about your worth. It’s about a protective pattern I developed long before I knew you, and I’m working on changing it.” Couples therapy with a trauma-informed clinician can be enormously helpful here. It gives both partners a shared language and helps the non-numbing partner understand what they’re navigating without personalizing it.

Related Reading

  • Van der Kolk, Bessel A. The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma. New York: Viking, 2014.
  • Herman, Judith Lewis. Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence. From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror. New York: Basic Books, 1992/2015.
  • Lanius, Ruth A., Paul A. Frewen, and Martin Vermetten. “The Impact of Early Life Trauma on Health and Disease: The Hidden Epidemic.” Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 7, no. 4 (2015): 356, 367.
  • Johnson, Susan M. Hold Me Tight: Seven Conversations for a Lifetime of Love. New York: Little, Brown Spark, 2008.
  • Walker, Pete. Complex PTSD: From Surviving to Thriving. Azure Coyote Publishing, 2013.

References

Peer-Reviewed Research (Vancouver)

  1. van der Kolk BA, Wang JB, Yehuda R, Bedrosian L, Coker AR, Harrison C, et al. Effects of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD on self-experience. PLoS One. 2024;19(1):e0295926. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0295926. PMID: 38198456.
  2. Cloitre M, Stolbach BC, Herman JL, van der Kolk B, Pynoos R, Wang J, et al. A developmental approach to complex PTSD: childhood and adult cumulative trauma as predictors of symptom complexity. J Trauma Stress. 2009;22(5):399-408. doi:10.1002/jts.20444. PMID: 19795402.
  3. Porges SW. Polyvagal Theory: Current Status, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions. Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2025;22(3):169-184. doi:10.36131/cnfioritieditore20250301. PMID: 40735382.
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About the Author

Annie Wright, LMFT

LMFT · Relational Trauma Specialist · W.W. Norton Author

Helping driven women finally feel as good as their résumé looks.

Annie Wright is a licensed psychotherapist (LMFT #95719) and trauma-informed executive coach with over 15,000 clinical hours. She works with driven women. Including Silicon Valley leaders, physicians, and entrepreneurs. In repairing the psychological foundations beneath their impressive lives. Annie is the founder and former CEO of Evergreen Counseling, a multimillion-dollar trauma-informed therapy center she built, scaled, and successfully exited. A regular contributor to Psychology Today, her expert commentary has appeared in USA Today, Forbes, Business Insider, Inc., NBC, and The Information. She is currently writing her first book with W.W. Norton.

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