By Annie Wright, LMFT · Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (#95719)Last updated May 2026

The holidays can be triggering: 11 reminders, 15 scripts, and 8 supports.

“You may shoot me with your words, / You may cut me with your eyes, / You may kill me with your hatefulness, / But still, like air, I’ll rise.”

Maya Angelou, poet, memoirist, and civil rights activist

The holidays can be triggering: 11 reminders, 15 scripts, and 8 supports.

Emotional Regulation & Nervous System • November 26, 2023

LAST UPDATED: APRIL 2026

SUMMARY

You may find the holidays triggering because they activate your nervous system with intense emotional and physical responses tied to old relational wounds and complicated family dynamics that don’t just disappear with a calendar change. Relational trauma means your past experiences in significant relationships, often from childhood, shape how you face culturally loaded holidays. This post gives you 15 specific scripts to navigate the difficult questions and maintain your boundaries without numbing out or exploding.

Last updated: June 2026 by Annie Wright, LMFT

DEFINITION HOLIDAY TRIGGER

A holiday trigger is a stimulus. Sensory, relational, or situational. During the holiday season that activates the nervous system’s stress response in someone who carries unresolved relational trauma. Bessel van der Kolk, MD, psychiatrist and trauma researcher and author of The Body Keeps the Score, explains that triggers activate the body’s survival system even when the current situation is objectively safe, because the nervous system is responding to a memory pattern rather than present-moment reality.

In plain terms: Your body doesn’t always know it’s 2024, not 2004. When the holiday music starts, or you walk into your parents’ house and smell the same dinner that was on the table during the worst years, your nervous system can respond as though it’s back in that original moment. That’s not weakness or irrationality. That’s the biology of trauma memory.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. TABLE OF CONTENTS
2. It’s a time of the year when well-meaning but impactful questions abound.
3. Meaning your body may have strong feeling memories of this time of the year.
4. 11 important reminders if the holidays feel triggering:
5. Signs You May Be Carrying Relational Trauma
6. 15 Scripts Of What To Say In Triggering Holiday Conversations:
7. Frequently Asked Questions

Nervous system activation is your body’s natural way of responding to perceived threat or stress, triggering physical and emotional reactions like racing heart, tension, or anxiety. It’s not a sign of weakness, overreaction, or something you can simply ‘snap out of’ by willpower or positive thinking. For you, especially if you carry relational trauma, nervous system activation during the holidays can feel overwhelming, as if old wounds are replaying themselves, making it hard to think clearly or stay grounded. Knowing this is not just ‘in your head’ but a real biological response validates your experience and opens a path to respond with kindness and practical support. It matters because when you understand nervous system activation, you can learn to recognize your body’s signals and use strategies to calm yourself instead of getting swept away by the intensity.

• You may find the holidays triggering because they activate your nervous system with intense emotional and physical responses tied to old relational wounds and complicated family dynamics that don’t just disappear with a calendar change.
• Relational trauma means your past experiences in significant relationships, often from childhood, shape how you face culturally loaded holidays. This post gives you 15 specific scripts to navigate the difficult questions and maintain your boundaries without numbing out or exploding.
• Healing during the holidays doesn’t mean forcing joy or pretending family is simple; it means recognizing your unique grief, using practical supports like alternate celebrations and therapy, and holding the truth that you can survive this season with your sanity intact.

Show me a person with a relational trauma history, and I’ll show you someone who, at one point in time, likely had a complex relationship with the winter holidays.

SUMMARY

For anyone with relational trauma in their history, the holidays can be a season of profound nervous system activation. Old wounds surface, family dynamics intensify, and the cultural pressure to feel joyful can make everything worse. This post offers 11 honest reminders, 15 concrete scripts, and practical tools to help you get through it with your sanity intact.

Why?

Because the two culturally dominant and Federally-recognized holidays during this time, Thanksgiving and Christmas, are family-centric. There’s often a slew of assumptions and questions that come from folks during this time that presupposes trauma or a relationship with family of origin. And all the attendant plan-making, visiting, and togetherness that relationship implies.

Implications and assumptions that might be anything but true, easy, or simple for someone who comes from a relational trauma background and/or who is currently estranged or disowned from their family system.

1. It’s a time of the year when well-meaning but impactful questions abound.
2. Meaning your body may have strong feeling memories of this time of the year.
3. 11 important reminders if the holidays feel triggering:
4. Signs You May Be Carrying Relational Trauma
5. 15 Scripts Of What To Say In Triggering Holiday Conversations:
6. 4 Alternate Celebration Ideas:
7. 4 Supportive Measures:
8. Navigating Holiday Triggers Through Therapeutic Support
9. Wrapping up.

QUICK ANSWER · UPDATED JUNE 2026

A holiday trigger is a sensory, relational, or situational cue that activates the nervous system’s stress response in someone carrying unresolved relational trauma, because the body responds to the pattern of the past rather than present-day safety. Specific smells, seasonal music, and loaded family questions can all trigger this response when encoded alongside earlier experiences of emotional unavailability. In my work with driven women with complicated family histories, the hardest part is usually managing the gap between who they’ve become and who the family still expects them to be.

In short: Holiday triggers activate the nervous system’s survival response through sensory and relational cues encoded with earlier trauma, causing the body to respond to a remembered threat rather than present-day safety.

HOW I KNOW THIS

I’ve helped women navigate triggering family dynamics across more than 15,000 clinical hours, drawing on somatic awareness and relational trauma frameworks to build practical scripts and supports. Bessel van der Kolk, MD, psychiatrist, trauma researcher, and author of The Body Keeps the Score, explains that traumatic memories are stored in sensory-motor form and reactivated by context-matched cues, bypassing the prefrontal cortex’s capacity for rational appraisal (van der Kolk 2014).

Why do seemingly innocent holiday questions feel so triggering when you have a trauma history?

DEFINITION RELATIONAL TRAUMA

Relational trauma refers to psychological injury that occurs within the context of important relationships, particularly those with primary caregivers during childhood. Unlike single-incident trauma, relational trauma involves repeated experiences of emotional neglect, inconsistency, manipulation, or abuse within bonds where safety and trust should have been foundational.

Holiday Grief

Holiday grief is the particular form of loss and longing that surfaces during culturally designated times of family togetherness. Thanksgiving, Christmas, Mother’s Day, Father’s Day. For people whose families of origin were painful, chaotic, estranged, or absent. It is grief for what should have been, grief for what still isn’t, and sometimes grief disguised as irritability, numbness, or a vague sense of dread as the season approaches.

Zoom meetings, the preschool pickup line, bumping into your neighbor raking up the leaves:

“So what did you do for Thanksgiving?”

“Bet you can’t wait for Christmas. What are you doing this year?”

“Wait, you’re not going home for the holidays?!”

“So you DON’T love this time of the year?”

Maybe. Or not. Maybe DEFINITELY not.

For many of us, holidays can or has really triggered our trauma.

Related reading: What does it mean to be an ambitious, upwardly mobile woman from a relational trauma background?

A reminder of what never was, what isn’t, and what likely won’t be.

At least with your family of origin.

But also, on top of what may feel explicitly triggering at this time, what’s also true for some is that this time of the year may also be IMPLICITLY triggering.

Meaning your body may have strong feeling memories of this time of the year.

A time of the year when the days get shorter, the weather turns colder, and fewer opportunities to leave the house become a reality (depending on where you live in the country).

A time of the year where, if you lived through an abusive, dysfunctional, or neglectful childhood trauma and the holidays, the end of the year might be triggering for your body and mind and not necessarily always with memory recall because of what could and would happen if you were stuck inside.

So please, if this is you, if you struggle with the holiday season for any reason, today’s essay is for you. 

In it I share a list of 9 reminders, 15 scripts, and 8 supports to put in your proverbial toolbox to take care of yourself through these triggering winter holiday times. 

I hope that even one thing I share feels supportive. 

What are 11 important reminders to hold onto if the holidays feel triggering for you?

Consider this post a digital permission slip of sorts if you’re struggling this holiday season and remember:

Thank you. Check your inbox.

Your guide is on its way.

1. It’s okay to dislike the holidays. 
2. Your feelings are valid and you don’t need to feel guilty about it. 
3. You have the freedom to celebrate the holidays in any way you want. 
4. You can create your own traditions that make you happy. 
5. You don’t owe anyone anything during the holiday season. 
6. You can spend your time and energy in ways that feel right to you. 
7. The holidays are a great time to practice setting and asserting your boundaries (they’re an AFGO).
8. It’s okay to say no to things that don’t serve you.
9. If this holiday season feels tough, remember that feelings can change; future holidays may feel different and better.
10. You can change your relationship to the holidays if you want.
11. And self-care is paramount if you struggle at this time of year.

Tuck this digital permission slip away for now but come back to it any time when you feel triggered by what you imagine you “should” feel/do/experience during this time of the year.

Related reading: Attachment Trauma: How Early Relationships Shape Your Adult Connections

What are 15 scripts you can use when holiday conversations become triggering?

Consider the following scripts if people question what you’re doing for the holidays and/or comment on your lack of plans/plans that don’t make sense to them and you don’t know what to say back.

1. “I appreciate your concern, but I’ve decided to spend the holidays focusing on self-care and personal well-being.”
2. “I’ve made a choice that feels right for me at this time. I hope you can respect that decision.”
3. “It’s a personal matter, and I’m taking some time for myself during the holidays.”
4. “I’m prioritizing my mental health this holiday season and have chosen to spend it in a way that supports that.”
5. “Thank you for your concern. I’m focusing on creating a positive and peaceful holiday experience for myself.”
6. “I’ve chosen to celebrate the holidays in a way that aligns with my current needs and priorities.”
7. “This year, I’ve decided to take a break and focus on activities that bring me joy and peace.”
8. “I appreciate your curiosity, but I’d rather not discuss my holiday plans. Let’s talk about something else.”
9. “It’s a personal decision, and I’m grateful for your understanding as I navigate this time on my own terms.”
10. “I’m choosing to spend the holidays in a way that brings me comfort and peace. I hope you can respect that.”
11. “I’ve decided to step back and prioritize my well-being during the holidays. I appreciate your understanding.”
12. “Family dynamics can be complicated, and I’m taking this time to reflect and focus on my own growth.”
13. “I’ve made a conscious decision to take a break from family gatherings this year for personal reasons. I hope you can respect that.”
14. “I’m focusing on creating a positive and nurturing environment for myself during the holidays.”
15. “I’ve chosen to spend the holidays in a way that aligns with my current path of self-discovery and healing.”

Hopefully these scripts will feel supportive. Of course, create any and all iterations from them that resonate with you and your unique situation. But above all else remember that you get to hold your boundaries and say whatever you’d like. You’re not responsible for making other people feel comfortable if you’re honest about your situation.

What are some alternate ways to celebrate the holidays when family gatherings feel too hard?

As you internalize the digital permission slip reminders and hold your boundaries politely but assertively, consider, too, lining up alternative plans/extra supports for yourself through the holiday season if your plans don’t/can’t/shouldn’t include your family of origin or anyone else:

• Create Your Own Rituals: Establish new, positive holiday traditions that align with your values and bring you joy.
• Solo Movie Marathon: You know how I’m a big believer in the power of cinematherapy, so enjoy a movie or TV show marathon of your favorite films or shows, creating a cozy and fun environment.
• Volunteer for a Cause: Volunteering can significantly boost your mental health, with research showing it leads to better self-esteem and lower depressive symptoms. Consider volunteering for a cause you’re passionate about, such as mental health organizations or local food banks. This can invite a sense of purpose and improve your wellbeing.
• Nature Retreat: Escape to nature for a day or weekend to recharge and find solace away from the pressures of the holiday season. I’ll always recommend Esalen if you can get there.

What supportive measures can help you survive and even thrive during the holiday season?

And finally, remember to layer on lots of extra support during this time if the holidays feel hard. Consider one or all of the following to help you:

• Crisis Hotline Contacts: Save crisis hotline numbers in your phone in case you need immediate support during challenging times. We havemy therapy practice over on the resource page of my therapy center’s blog. Check those out.
• Therapy Sessions: Schedule therapy sessions with your therapist before, during, and after the holidays for extra support.
• Lean On Friends Who Get It: Reach out to supportive friends who understand your situation, and let them know you might need some extra support during this time.
• Use Online Resources: Websites like Reddit have dedicated communities where individuals share their experiences and provide support for those who find the holidays difficult. Explore these subreddits:
  • r/EstrangedAdultChild:
    • This subreddit is specifically for adults who are estranged from their parents. Members share their stories, seek advice, and provide support to one another.
  • r/raisedbynarcissists:
    • While not exclusively for those who are estranged, this subreddit is a supportive community for people dealing with narcissistic parents. Many members share their experiences of going no-contact or low-contact with family members.
  • r/justnofamily:
    • This subreddit is for individuals dealing with difficult family dynamics. It includes stories of estrangement, setting boundaries, and seeking advice on managing challenging family relationships.
  • r/familyestrangement:
    • This is a community specifically focused on family estrangement. Members share their experiences, offer support, and discuss various aspects of being estranged from family.

How can therapy help you prepare for and navigate holiday triggers?

When holiday season activates every trauma response in your nervous system,from hypervigilance about family questions to somatic memories of seasonal danger, therapy provides essential scaffolding for surviving and even reclaiming this time of year.

A trauma-informed therapist understands that your body’s reaction to shorter days and family-centric celebrations isn’t dramatic or ungrateful but rather evidence of how thoroughly your system learned to associate this season with threat. Through therapeutic work, you explore not just conscious holiday memories but the implicit body memories that make December feel dangerous regardless of current circumstances.

In session, you might process specific holiday traumas while also addressing the broader pattern of seasonal activation, learning to differentiate between then and now, between past danger and present safety. Your therapist helps you understand that setting boundaries with family during holidays isn’t betrayal but self-preservation, that creating alternative traditions isn’t giving up on connection but building sustainable ways to celebrate.

The therapeutic process includes developing practical strategies, scripts for difficult conversations, grounding techniques for family encounters, permission to opt out entirely, while also addressing the deeper wound of not having the family holidays our culture insists everyone deserves.

Through consistent support, you learn that holidays can be reimagined rather than simply endured, that you can create meaning and even joy outside traditional family structures. Most importantly, therapy offers what family gatherings cannot: a genuinely safe space where your complex feelings about holidays are validated rather than challenged, where choosing yourself over family expectations is recognized as growth rather than selfishness. If you’re looking for practical, thoughtful ways to support yourself or someone you love through the winter months, our guide to holiday gift ideas for the winter blues offers curated suggestions designed with emotional wellbeing in mind.

Related reading: Trauma and Relationships: When Your Professional Strengths Become Your Relationship Blindspots

Wrapping up.

Most importantly though, as you navigate this holiday season and if this time of year feels painful for you, please make whatever choices you can to take care of yourself.

It’s hard enough having painful feeling states, but when the rest of the world is seemingly chipper and full of holiday cheer and you feel alone in your painful experience, it is, I think, harder to bear.

So please be kind to yourself in whatever way this looks. Holding the boundaries you need, acknowledging or ignoring the season, re-writing your experience, and fundamentally, taking good care of your physical and mental health as best you can.

If you need suggestions for added support right now, be sure to explore this post.

And now I’d love to hear from you in the comments below:

Do you find this time of the year triggering? What’s one script, alternative celebration structure or support that you use during these winter holidays to help take good care of yourself?

If you feel so inclined, please leave a message in the comments. This blog, this little corner of the internet, receives about 30,000 visitors each month, and our blog comments have become a kind of community where folks with similar paths and journeys find each other, learn from each other, and take hope and inspiration from each other’s shares.

Here’s to healing relational trauma and creating thriving lives on solid foundations.

Warmly,

Annie

If what you’ve read here resonates, I want you to know that individual therapy and executive coaching are available for driven women ready to do this work. You can also explore my self-paced recovery courses or schedule a complimentary consultation to find the right fit.

Warmly, Annie

Further Reading on Relational Trauma

Explore Annie’s clinical writing on relational trauma recovery.

• Narcissistic Abuse & Recovery Guide
• Childhood Emotional Neglect Guide
• Attachment Styles Guide
• Complex PTSD Guide
• EMDR Therapy for Women
• Inner Child Work Guide
• Trauma and the Nervous System
• Intergenerational Trauma

Both/And: You Can Love Your Family and Still Need to Protect Yourself

One of the most quietly agonizing aspects of holiday triggering for many of my clients is the coexistence of genuine love and real harm. Most of the women I work with don’t have straightforwardly terrible families. They have complicated families. Families with warm moments and genuinely cruel ones, families where love existed alongside harm, families where the people who hurt them were also the people they needed and, in some cases, still love.

The holidays press on this complexity because they are explicitly organized around togetherness, and togetherness with family brings everything. The warmth and the wounds. Into close quarters simultaneously. You can love your mother and still be triggered by her criticism. You can look forward to your brother’s humor and still dread what happens when your father drinks. You can be genuinely glad to see your grandmother and still feel the old sadness about what her generation passed down without knowing it.

I work with Neha, a financial analyst whose family gatherings are characterized by what she calls “aggressive warmth”. A kind of loud, physical affection that coexists with cutting humor and unspoken rules about what can and can’t be acknowledged. “I leave every family dinner feeling both loved and small,” she told me. Both things are real. That’s not confusion. It’s an accurate reading of a complicated system.

The Both/And framework gives you permission to hold the complexity without having to resolve it into a simpler story. You don’t have to hate your family to need protection from them. You don’t have to cut them off to acknowledge that certain interactions reliably harm you. You can show up. With limits, with strategies, with your self-care in place. As someone who loves your family and also knows your nervous system’s needs. Both things are allowed to be true.

The Systemic Lens: Why Holiday Triggering Is a Social and Cultural Phenomenon

Holiday triggering isn’t just a personal problem. It’s a social one, and understanding the systemic dimensions can reduce some of the shame that often accompanies it.

The holiday season is saturated with prescriptive cultural messaging about what families should look like: warm, functional, joyful, together. These images are on every advertisement, every holiday movie, every social media feed. For people whose families don’t match this template. And a significant proportion of the population falls into this category, whether through dysfunction, estrangement, loss, or simple difference. The cultural bombardment creates a specific kind of loneliness: the sense that everyone else is having the holiday you’re not having.

This cultural loneliness compounds the personal triggering. You’re not just dealing with your family dynamics; you’re doing it inside a cultural frame that treats those dynamics as aberrations from a norm that may not even be as common as the images suggest. The research on family dysfunction consistently reveals high prevalence: roughly one in four adults reports problematic alcohol use in their family of origin, domestic violence affects an estimated one in three women globally, and rates of childhood emotional neglect. Which doesn’t always register as “trauma” but consistently shapes adult nervous systems. Are considerably higher than commonly acknowledged.

There is also a socioeconomic dimension to holiday stress that is rarely named directly. Financial pressure, cramped living situations, time scarcity, and the expectation of gift-giving that requires resources many families don’t have. All of these create conditions under which family tensions escalate. The holidays can be a period of genuine joy for those with sufficient resources and functional relationships; for those without, the gap between the cultural ideal and lived reality can feel enormous.

Understanding this systemic context can shift something important: if holiday triggering is this common, it’s not evidence of your personal brokenness. It’s evidence that you’re human, that you carry a real history, and that you’re navigating a genuinely difficult cultural moment without adequate support. Trauma-informed therapy can help you develop the tools to do that navigation more sustainably. And to find genuine moments of warmth and meaning even within difficult seasons.

I want to close by saying something directly: if you are reading this and the holidays feel genuinely unsurvivable right now. If the triggering is acute, if your nervous system is flooded, if you’re navigating something that feels beyond your capacity to manage. Please reach out for support. You don’t have to get through this alone. Working with a trauma-informed therapist during the holiday season isn’t a luxury. For some of us, it’s a necessity. And you are allowed to ask for what you need.

The holidays may not become easy. But they can become more navigable. Less about surviving and more about tending to yourself thoughtfully inside a complicated season. That’s what I hope for you: not the holiday of the advertisements, but the holiday you can actually have, with the tools and self-knowledge and support that make it workable. You deserve both the honesty and the care. Support is available if you need it.

References

Peer-Reviewed Research (Vancouver)

1. van der Kolk BA, Wang JB, Yehuda R, Bedrosian L, Coker AR, Harrison C, et al. Effects of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD on self-experience. PLoS One. 2024;19(1):e0295926. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0295926. PMID: 38198456.

Books & Cultural Sources (Chicago Author-Date)

• Angelou, Maya. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Random House, 1969.

CONTINUE READING

Related essays from the archive

• 16 Things About Relational Trauma Recovery I Wish I’d Known
• Dismissing and Diminishing Your Past Keeps You From Healing
• 20 Common Experiences When You Endure Relational Trauma
• 10 Years Later: Reflections on Relational Trauma Work
• People-Pleasing and the Fawn Response: A Therapist’s Guide for Driven Women

WAYS TO WORK WITH ANNIE

Individual Therapy

Trauma-informed therapy for driven women healing relational trauma. Licensed in 15 U.S. jurisdictions, including Colorado (telehealth only), and registered to provide telehealth in Florida.

Learn More

Executive Coaching

Trauma-informed coaching for driven women navigating leadership and burnout.

Learn More

Fixing the Foundations

Annie’s signature course for relational trauma recovery. Work at your own pace.

Learn More

Essays

Read the Essays

About the Author

Annie Wright, LMFT

LMFT #95719  ·  Relational Trauma Specialist  ·  Author, W.W. Norton 2027

Helping driven women finally feel as good as their résumé looks.

As a licensed psychotherapist (LMFT #95719), trauma-informed executive coach, and relational trauma specialist with over 15,000 clinical hours, she guides driven women. Including Silicon Valley leaders, physicians, and entrepreneurs. In repairing the psychological foundations beneath their impressive lives. Annie is the founder and former CEO of Evergreen Counseling, a multimillion-dollar trauma-informed therapy center she built, scaled, and successfully exited. A regular contributor to Psychology Today, her expert commentary has appeared in USA Today, Forbes, Business Insider, NBC News, and The Information. She is currently writing her first book with W.W. Norton.

Work With Annie

Credentials & Licensure

License

Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT #95719)

Clinical Experience

15,000+ direct clinical hours

Licensed in 15 U.S. Jurisdictions, including Colorado (telehealth only), and Registered for Telehealth in Florida

CA LMFT95719 · CO MFT.0003236 (telehealth only) · CT 003806 · DC LMFT200001447 · FL TPMF356 (out-of-state telehealth registration) · IL 166.012270 · ME MF8600 · MD LCM1206 · NH 1030 · NJ 37FI00254800 · NY 002805 · TX 206391 · UT 14300323-3902 · VA 0717002589 · WA MFT.LF.70098096

Signature Frameworks

Creator of House of Life^™ and Fixing the Foundations^™

Forthcoming Book

The Everything Years (W.W. Norton)

Past Leadership

Founder & former CEO, Evergreen Counseling

---

Featured Expert Commentary

Regular contributor to Psychology Today. Expert commentary has appeared in USA Today, Forbes, Business Insider, NBC News, and The Information.

Client stories and examples in this article are composites or have been de-identified. They do not describe any individual client.

Editorial Standards

Written by Annie Wright, LMFT (CA LMFT #95719, EMDRIA-certified, 15,000+ clinical hours). Elizabeth Anne Wright, LMFT, actively licensed as a Marriage and Family Therapist in 15 U.S. jurisdictions (California LMFT95719; Colorado MFT.0003236, telehealth only; Connecticut 003806; District of Columbia LMFT200001447; Illinois 166.012270; Maine MF8600; Maryland LCM1206; Massachusetts LMFT10000770; New Hampshire 1030; New Jersey 37FI00254800; New York 002805; Texas 206391; Utah 14300323-3902; Virginia 0717002589; Washington MFT.LF.70098096), and registered as an out-of-state telehealth provider in Florida under Florida Statute 456.47 (TPMF356), for practice authority in 16 U.S. jurisdictions. She is accountable for all content published under her name.

Last updated August 7, 2026. First published November 26, 2023.

Her writing is grounded in current professional literature and her own clinical training and experience. Composite client vignettes are not real clients; they are pattern-composites drawn from clinical experience with dozens of similar cases.

Editorial Policy · Medical Disclaimer

Written and Edited by Annie Wright, LMFT. Annie is responsible for the content of this article. See our Editorial Policy for details.

This article is educational and is not a substitute for therapy, diagnosis, or a clinical relationship with a licensed mental health provider. If you are in crisis, call or text 988 (US) or visit findahelpline.com.

Cite this article
Wright, A. (2023, November 26). The holidays can be triggering: 11 reminders, 15 scripts, and 8 supports.. Annie Wright, LMFT. https://anniewright.com/the-holidays-can-be-triggering-11-reminders-15-scripts-and-8-supports/

Medical Disclaimer