Should I Leave BigLaw? Therapy for Attorneys at the Crossroads

Should I Leave BigLaw? Therapy for Attorneys at the Crossroads

CAREER & IDENTITY • April 6, 2026

LAST UPDATED: APRIL 2026

Last reviewed: June 2026 by Annie Wright, LMFT

The Psychology of the BigLaw Partner Track

It’s 11:43 p.m. on a Tuesday. Grace is still at her desk on the thirty-second floor. The cleaning crew has already been through twice. Her coffee cup has a ring from where it sat three hours ago and went cold without her noticing. She’s reviewing a merger agreement that’s due by 6 a.m., a client call in London at 7, and a partner check-in at 9. On paper, she’s everything she set out to be: fifth-year associate at one of the top ten firms in the country, on track for partner, billing more hours than anyone else on her team. On the inside, she hasn’t felt anything she’d call satisfaction in longer than she can remember. She picks up her phone and Googles, for the fourth time this month: should I leave BigLaw?

In BigLaw, the partner track isn’t just a career path. It’s a psychological crucible. From day one, you’re conditioned to equate worth with billable hours, victories with prestige, and resilience with stamina. The culture is designed to cultivate a relentless, single-minded focus on ascending the ladder, where success is narrowly defined by partnership. This creates an internal narrative that your value as an attorney. And often as a person. Depends on hitting specific milestones on a rigid timeline.

That pressure shapes your identity deeply. It’s why leaving BigLaw can feel like more than just changing jobs; it can feel like losing yourself. Even if the work exhausts or demoralizes you, the internalized expectation to “push through” overrides any impulse to slow down or pivot. This isn’t just about external demands. It’s about how you’ve come to hold yourself accountable. Daniel Siegel, MD, clinical professor of psychiatry at UCLA and author of Mindsight, describes how identity-based systems. Environments that reward a very specific self-presentation while punishing deviation. Can create what he calls “narrative rigidity”: you become so identified with the story of who you’re supposed to be that you lose access to who you actually are.

Psychologically, the partner track functions like a high-stakes game where the rules are both explicit and unspoken. Explicitly, you know you must log long hours, cultivate high-profile clients, and demonstrate razor-sharp legal acumen. Unspoken, you’re expected to suppress vulnerability, mask doubts, and prioritize firm loyalty over personal wellbeing. This dynamic fosters a cognitive dissonance that can wear down even the most driven attorneys. Gabor Maté, MD, physician and trauma specialist and author of The Myth of Normal, argues that environments that require the chronic suppression of authentic emotional experience don’t just create burnout. They create disconnection from the self. You stop knowing what you want because you’ve spent so many years performing what’s required.

For many driven women, this dynamic echoes what clinicians call betrayal trauma. The specific injury that occurs when the person or institution you depend on is also the source of your harm.

Within this framework, ambition can become entangled with fear. Fear of failure, judgment, or being perceived as weak. This fear often manifests as perfectionism, hyper-competitiveness, and a refusal to deviate from the path. The emotional cost is high: chronic stress, self-criticism, and isolation become the norm. But because this has been your professional baseline for years, these feelings can feel like the price you must pay rather than warning signs.

Over time, this kind of sustained stress can produce symptoms remarkably similar to complex PTSD. Not from a single event, but from the cumulative weight of years spent in a system that treats human limits as defects.

Understanding this psychological landscape is crucial. It explains why the decision to leave BigLaw isn’t just a career choice. It’s an existential reckoning. It requires unlearning powerful internal narratives and confronting anxieties about identity, worth, and success that are deeply ingrained. And it requires a level of honest self-inquiry that BigLaw’s pace rarely, if ever, permits.

Why Leaving Feels Like Failing (Even When It’s Saving Your Life)

Leaving BigLaw often triggers a profound sense of failure, even when it’s the healthiest choice you could make. This isn’t just about external stigma or the reactions of colleagues and family. It’s about the internalized belief system that equates quitting with weakness or defeat. When you’ve invested years, sometimes decades, in a trajectory defined by relentless ambition and external validation, stepping off that path can feel like abandoning your own narrative.

This feeling is not irrational, but it is deeply unkind to yourself. It’s rooted in a psychological trap where your self-worth has become hostage to a single measure of success. The partner track’s culture conditions you to believe that perseverance at all costs is the only acceptable option. So when you choose differently, your mind floods with self-doubt: “Am I giving up? Am I less capable? Will I regret this?” Brené Brown, PhD, LMSW, researcher studying vulnerability and shame, has written that this kind of fear-based self-interrogation is the signature of shame. Not guilt over a specific action, but a global indictment of one’s entire worth. In BigLaw, where identity and performance are fused, shame at the idea of leaving can be overwhelming.

Consider Vivian. She made partner at thirty-four. The youngest in her firm’s history. And spent six months in therapy before she could even say out loud that she was unhappy. Every time she tried to articulate it, the same tape played: You have what everyone else wants. You don’t get to be miserable. The shame wasn’t just about leaving the firm. It was about what it would mean about her. About all those years, all those sacrifices, all those Saturday nights she’d traded for this. Naming the misery felt like betraying everything she’d built.

These questions echo a critical internal conflict between survival and identity. On one side is your mental, emotional, and sometimes physical wellbeing begging for relief. On the other is the hardwired definition of who you think you’re supposed to be. The driven attorney who conquers challenges and doesn’t back down. Richard Schwartz, PhD, founder of Internal Family Systems therapy, calls the part of you that pushes through at all costs an “exile protector”. A manager part doing everything it can to keep you from experiencing the pain underneath. But managers can’t manage forever, and when they start to fail, the cost becomes visible.

What many don’t realize is that leaving BigLaw can actually represent a profound act of courage and self-preservation. It’s a refusal to sacrifice your health and happiness on the altar of a career ideal that no longer fits. But the emotional fallout of that decision can be brutal without support, because it challenges the core of your professional identity.

Recognizing this is the first step toward healing. You’re not walking away from your ambition or your talents. You’re redefining what success means on your own terms. This is where therapy can be invaluable: helping you process the grief, shame, and fear that come with such a seismic shift, while guiding you toward a more sustainable and authentic professional identity. The goal isn’t to make the discomfort disappear. It’s to make sure that discomfort doesn’t make the decision for you.

The Difference Between Burnout and Misalignment

It’s common for attorneys at the crossroads to assume their distress is simply burnout. A temporary state caused by too many hours and too much pressure. While burnout is real and deserving of attention, it’s not the whole story. Sometimes what feels like burnout is actually a deeper misalignment between your core values, strengths, and the work you’re doing.

Burnout tends to improve with rest, reduced workload, and better boundaries. It’s like a muscle that’s been overstrained and needs recovery. Misalignment, however, signals that the job itself isn’t resonating with who you are or what you want from your life. It’s less about exhaustion and more about a fundamental disconnect. A growing sense that even when you’re performing well, something essential isn’t being met. In my clinical work with attorneys, I often describe it this way: burnout is a volume problem, and misalignment is a channel problem. You can turn down the volume on burnout. But if you’re watching the wrong channel entirely, no amount of rest will make the programming feel right.

When you’re misaligned, no amount of rest or self-care will fully restore your engagement or satisfaction. You might find yourself dreading tasks that once energized you, questioning your purpose, or feeling invisible in a system that doesn’t recognize your unique contributions. This isn’t a failure of stamina. It’s a signal that your professional identity and environment are out of sync. Peter Levine, PhD, psychologist and founder of Somatic Experiencing, notes that the body often registers misalignment before the mind does: chronic low-grade dread, the Sunday evening dread before Monday, physical tension that never fully resolves even on vacation. These are the body’s way of saying this isn’t right for me.

Many driven women I work with didn’t experience overt abuse. They experienced something subtler: childhood emotional neglect, the absence of attunement that teaches a child her emotions don’t matter.

Clinically, distinguishing burnout from misalignment is crucial. Because the interventions differ. Burnout calls for strategies like workload management, mindfulness, and boundary-setting. Misalignment requires deeper exploration of values, goals, and identity, often leading to significant career shifts or redefinition. Attempting burnout interventions when the real issue is misalignment is one of the most common and costly mistakes I see driven attorneys make. They take a sabbatical, come back rested, and find that the dread returns within three weeks.

For driven attorneys, this distinction can be tricky because the culture rewards pushing through discomfort. You may find yourself trying every burnout remedy. Vacations, therapy, exercise. Without lasting relief. That’s your body and mind telling you that the issue isn’t just how much you’re working, but where and how you’re working.

In my practice, I help attorneys develop the clarity to see whether they’re facing burnout, misalignment, or both. This clarity is liberating. It prevents you from cycling through temporary fixes and opens the door to choices that honor your whole self. Not just the professional you’ve been trained to be.

Both/And: You Are Brilliant at This AND It Is Destroying You

Let’s get something clear right out of the gate: you’re not failing if you’re struggling in BigLaw. In fact, you’re likely succeeding in ways that would make most people’s heads spin. You’re driven, razor-sharp, and relentless. You’ve mastered complex legal systems, won tough cases, and navigated office politics with a level of grace and grit few can claim. But here’s the catch: the very qualities that make you brilliant in this arena can also erode your well-being, sometimes quietly, sometimes catastrophically.

This “both/and” reality is crucial. You don’t have to choose between being competent and being broken down by the system. You can be a powerhouse attorney and still feel exhausted, disconnected, or even deeply unhappy. The paradox of BigLaw is that it demands your best self while often undermining your mental health. You might find yourself questioning your identity, wondering if your personal values can survive in this environment, or feeling trapped by the prestige and the paycheck even as it chips away at your sense of self.

In my clinical work with BigLaw attorneys, one of the most common things I hear is some version of: “I should be grateful. I should be proud. I don’t understand why I feel this way.” That gap. Between what they believe they’re supposed to feel and what they actually feel. Is itself a form of suffering. And it’s compounded by the fact that admitting it feels dangerous. The legal culture’s silence around mental health isn’t accidental: it’s a feature of a system designed to keep you producing, not processing.

It’s not just about the long hours or the stress. Though those are real. It’s about the conflict between who you want to be and what the job demands. You’re wired to perform, to deliver, to win, but that wiring can become a double-edged sword, pushing you toward burnout, anxiety, or even depression. The pressure to be perfect, to never show weakness, to always be “on,” creates a relentless internal tension that no amount of external success can fully mask. Bessel van der Kolk, MD, psychiatrist and trauma researcher and author of The Body Keeps the Score, has written that when people are unable to access or express their authentic internal states, the body will eventually find a way to make itself heard. Through physical symptoms, emotional collapse, or both.

Recognizing this both/and is the first step to reclaiming your life. You don’t have to reject your ambition to protect your mental health, but you do need to acknowledge the cost it’s exacting. That awareness opens the door to making choices that honor both your professional drive and your personal well-being. Whether you decide to stay or leave, you deserve to feel whole. Brilliant and balanced, not brilliant at the expense of your health.

The Systemic Lens: How the Billable Hour Breaks the Nervous System

When we look at the stress BigLaw puts on you, it’s tempting to see it as an individual problem: “I’m just not managing my time well,” or “I need to toughen up.” But that’s a trap. The real issue is systemic. The billable hour model doesn’t just demand long workdays; it rewires your nervous system in ways that make chronic stress feel normal, even expected.

Think about it this way: your nervous system is designed to respond to threats with bursts of energy and then recover. But BigLaw’s constant demands keep you in a state of hypervigilance, where your body and brain stay on high alert far longer than they’re meant to. The ticking clock on billable hours, the relentless pressure to produce, the unpredictable demands from partners. These are all signals your nervous system interprets as threats. Over time, this leads to what Stephen Porges, PhD, neuroscientist and creator of polyvagal theory, would describe as a chronic mobilized state: your autonomic nervous system stuck between fight/flight and collapse, unable to find genuine rest even when the conditions for it technically exist. You might lie in bed exhausted and find sleep won’t come. That’s not weakness. That’s a nervous system that’s lost the ability to down-regulate.

Consider Elaine. She’s a sixth-year associate who knew she wanted to leave for three years but couldn’t get off the treadmill. The problem wasn’t her decisions. It was her physiology. Her system was so chronically activated that anything resembling rest triggered anxiety. Stillness felt dangerous. Slowing down felt like falling. She didn’t need another productivity framework. She needed therapeutic support to help her nervous system learn that it was actually safe to stop running.

This systemic breakdown isn’t a personal failure. It’s a predictable outcome of an environment that values output over sustainable human functioning. When your nervous system is chronically hijacked, it’s harder to think clearly, make decisions, or maintain relationships, both at work and in your personal life. Your emotional responses may become more intense or blunted. Sleep, appetite, and motivation can take a nosedive. Janina Fisher, PhD, psychologist and specialist in trauma treatment, notes that chronic hyperarousal. The kind generated by sustained high-pressure environments. Fragments the very cognitive functions we rely on to make good decisions. You’re trying to chart the course of your life with a map that your own nervous system is actively making illegible. (PMID: 16530597)

These relational patterns often trace back to early attachment experiences. The blueprint your nervous system created in childhood for how relationships work and how much of yourself it’s safe to show.

Understanding the systemic nature of your stress is liberating. It shifts the focus from “What’s wrong with me?” to “What’s wrong with the environment I’m in?” Christina Maslach, PhD, social psychologist at UC Berkeley who defined the three dimensions of burnout, has been explicit for decades: the solution to burnout isn’t personal. It’s organizational. Individuals can’t self-optimize their way out of a broken system. That doesn’t mean you’re powerless. But it does mean that understanding the system clearly is the prerequisite for navigating it wisely.

How Therapy Helps You Navigate the Exit (or the Stay)

Deciding whether to leave BigLaw is rarely a clear-cut “yes” or “no.” It’s messy, complicated, and often terrifying. Therapy offers a unique space to explore this complexity with honesty and without judgment. In my practice, I work with driven attorneys to clarify what’s underneath the noise. The fears, values, and pressures that shape your decision-making process.

In my clinical work with attorneys at this crossroads, I’ve found that most of them already know, on some level, what they want to do. What they don’t yet have is the safety to say it. To themselves, let alone to anyone else. Therapy creates that container. It’s not a space where I tell you what to do; it’s a space where you finally get to hear yourself think without immediately talking yourself out of it. That’s rarer and more valuable than it sounds.

If you’re leaning toward leaving, therapy can help you untangle the emotional knots that might be holding you back: guilt, identity loss, fear of financial instability, or the weight of expectations from family and colleagues. We map out what a life beyond BigLaw could look like. Realistically and compassionately. So you can take steps that feel aligned and sustainable. Grief is often part of this work too: grief for the years invested, the identity built, the version of yourself that genuinely loved this path at some earlier point.

On the other hand, if you’re deciding to stay, therapy isn’t about convincing you to quit or stick it out blindly. It’s about finding ways to protect your nervous system and mental health within the constraints of the job. That might mean setting boundaries, developing skills to manage stress responses, or building a support system that helps you navigate the day-to-day demands without losing yourself. Some attorneys who come to me thinking they need to leave discover, through the process of therapy, that what they actually need is to restructure their relationship with the work. Both outcomes are valid. The goal is clarity, not a specific outcome.

In either case, therapy provides tools to build emotional resilience and a clearer sense of self outside the legal identity. You learn to recognize when ambition serves you and when it’s driving self-sabotage. You become better equipped to handle the inevitable setbacks and pressures, whether you’re transitioning into a new career or doubling down on your current path. Sue Johnson, EdD, clinical psychologist and founder of Emotionally Focused Therapy, has shown that access to a safe, secure relational space. Whether with a therapist, partner, or close friend. Is one of the most powerful predictors of a person’s capacity to navigate major life transitions. Therapy isn’t just about processing feelings. It’s about building the relational scaffold that makes brave decisions possible.

Ultimately, therapy is about reclaiming agency. BigLaw can feel like a tidal wave pulling you along, but therapy helps you find your footing. So you can choose your direction from a place of strength, not exhaustion.

Life After the Decision

Whatever you decide. Whether you leave BigLaw or find a way to stay. The transition will bring its own challenges and opportunities. Life after the decision isn’t an instant fix or a magic reset. It’s a new chapter that requires intention, patience, and self-compassion.

If you choose to leave, you might find yourself grappling with unexpected feelings: relief mixed with loss, excitement shadowed by uncertainty. Your identity as an attorney might feel fractured, and you’ll need time to rebuild a sense of purpose outside the courtroom or conference room. Financial adjustments, shifting daily rhythms, and redefining your professional network can all feel daunting. Therapy supports you in navigating these shifts with clarity and confidence, helping you integrate your past experiences with your emerging self. The skills you built in BigLaw. Precision, advocacy, the ability to hold enormous complexity. Don’t disappear when you leave. They travel with you.

Daniela spent two years in therapy before she finally gave notice. She’d been a litigation associate for eight years and genuinely believed, at her core, that if she left she’d lose everything: credibility, income, identity, the approval of her family. What she found on the other side surprised her. The first three months were disorienting. The fourth month, she felt something she hadn’t felt in years. She wasn’t sure what to call it at first. Curiosity, maybe. The capacity to be interested in her own life again.

For those who stay, the work continues, but hopefully with new tools and boundaries in place. You’ll likely be more attuned to your needs and limits, better equipped to manage the systemic stressors, and more intentional about carving out space for what sustains you. Staying in BigLaw doesn’t have to mean sacrificing your mental health or your soul, but it requires ongoing vigilance and support. The attorneys I work with who choose to stay and do it well have one thing in common: they stop trying to be everything the firm wants them to be and start advocating, quietly and strategically, for the conditions they need to do their best work sustainably.

In either scenario, life after the decision is about rediscovering what truly matters to you. It’s about redefining success on your own terms, beyond billable hours or external accolades. It’s about cultivating a life where your ambition fuels fulfillment, not depletion. Making this choice isn’t easy, but it’s one of the most important steps you can take for your well-being and future. You don’t have to navigate it alone.

If what you’ve read here resonates, I want you to know that individual therapy and executive coaching are available for driven women ready to do this work. You can also explore my self-paced recovery courses or schedule a complimentary consultation to find the right fit.

How to Heal: Finding Clarity at the BigLaw Crossroads

Vivian had been at the firm for eleven years when she finally said out loud, in a session, that she didn’t want to make partner. Not “I don’t think I can,” but “I don’t want to.” The distinction took her months to reach, and even saying it felt dangerous. Like naming a heresy. Elaine had already made partner and was now wondering what, exactly, she’d been chasing for the decade that had preceded it. Daniela was three years in, running on three hours of sleep and a very expensive gym membership, and genuinely couldn’t tell if she was thriving or dissolving. Grace was considering leaving and had been told by two different partners that she’d regret it. And she wasn’t sure if they were right or if they just needed her billing hours. What I see consistently is that the BigLaw crossroads can’t be navigated with more information or more willpower. It requires a different kind of clarity altogether. The kind that comes from slowing down enough to actually hear yourself.

Here’s the path I walk with clients, in roughly this order:

1. Stabilize the nervous system before you make any irreversible decisions. The billable-hour model, as we explored in the systemic lens section, is a genuine nervous system assault. Chronic sleep deprivation, hypervigilance around client demands, the constant ambient threat of falling short of the monthly target. Trying to make a life-altering decision about whether to stay or leave while you’re in the middle of that chronic activation is like trying to assess whether you’re hungry while you’re actively running from something. Before anything else, create the conditions for at least minimal regulation: protect two consecutive nights of adequate sleep, take one actual day off (phone down, work email closed), and bring your body into something closer to its baseline. You don’t need a sabbatical. You need enough stillness to hear yourself over the noise.

2. Name what’s actually happening. Burnout, misalignment, or both. As we explored in the section on the difference between burnout and misalignment, these are distinct experiences that point toward different paths. Christina Maslach, PhD, social psychologist and pioneering burnout researcher, defines burnout as exhaustion, cynicism, and a felt sense of reduced efficacy. And burnout is a state that responds to structural changes, rest, and recovery. Misalignment is different: it’s the recognition that even a fully rested, fully supported version of you wouldn’t want this. The distinction matters enormously. Elaine and I spent three months carefully disentangling whether her growing dread of partnership was burnout or misalignment. And the answer shaped everything that came after. Don’t make the decision before you’ve named which one you’re actually dealing with.

3. Run small, low-stakes experiments in both directions before you commit to either. If you’re considering leaving, what would it mean to spend a few hours exploring what else might be possible. Informational conversations with people who’ve made exits, an honest conversation with a recruiter, a brief articulation on paper of what you’d want a working life to look like if you weren’t in BigLaw? If you’re considering staying, what would it mean to negotiate one structural change to your current arrangement. A different practice group, a modified schedule, an explicit conversation with a mentor about your path? These experiments don’t require a decision. They generate information that a body of evidence you don’t currently have. I’ve worked with clients who were certain they needed to leave and, after an experiment or two, realized they needed to change something specific. And I’ve worked with clients who were certain they could fix it from inside and, after an honest experiment, realized the institution didn’t actually have what they needed.

4. Do the deeper excavation in a therapeutic relationship that can hold all of it. BigLaw identity runs very deep. It’s professional identity, intellectual identity, family identity (especially if you’re the first in your family to be here), financial identity, and, often, a deeply entrenched protection against an earlier version of yourself that didn’t feel safe or adequate. That’s a lot of layers to navigate alone, and they’re precisely the layers where a skilled therapist who understands both burnout and relational trauma can make an enormous difference. In individual therapy, there’s space to ask: what was I trying to prove when I went to law school, and have I proved it? What would it mean about me. About my family, about where I came from. If I left? Those questions can’t be answered in a journal or a conversation with a colleague who’s also trapped in the same system. They need a witness who isn’t invested in your choice, only in your wellbeing.

5. Keep the systemic lens in view. Especially when the guilt is loudest. The billable hour model, as we’ve discussed, is not a neutral system. It’s one designed to extract maximum output from its participants and to make departure feel like failure rather than self-preservation. The guilt you feel about potentially leaving. About the clients, the team, the institution. Deserves examination. Some of it is genuine relational loyalty, and that matters. But some of it is the system working as designed: making you responsible for its perpetuation at the expense of your own health. Childhood emotional neglect and early conditioning around being needed can make this institutional guilt feel very personal and very binding. Holding the systemic lens doesn’t mean the guilt is fake. It means it’s not the whole picture. Your worth is not your billing rate.

6. Decide with intention. Whether you stay or you leave. The clients I’ve worked with who’ve navigated this crossroads most successfully are not the ones who made the “right” choice. It’s the ones who made their choice with intention rather than just sliding into it or fleeing from it. Vivian left, and she was clear about why and what she was moving toward. Grace stayed, negotiated different terms, and did so with her eyes open about what she was accepting and what she wasn’t. Daniela took a leave and used the time to actually figure out what she wanted rather than just recovering to go back. There’s no universally right answer at this crossroads. There is, however, a meaningful difference between a decision made from clarity and one made from panic or exhaustion. And the work is getting to the clarity first.

If you’re standing at this crossroads. Whether you’re three years in and already questioning, or eleven years in and afraid to admit what you know. You don’t have to figure it out alone. Whether through individual therapy to work through the identity and trauma layers, executive coaching to think through the professional strategy with clarity, or the self-paced Fixing the Foundations^™ course to start building inner ground wherever you are in the decision. Support exists. You can schedule a consultation to talk through what would be most useful right now.

Related Reading

Rhode, Deborah L. The Trouble with Lawyers. Oxford University Press, 2015.

Levit, Nancy, and Douglas O. Linder. “The Emotional Life of Lawyers.” University of Missouri, Kansas City Law Review 84, no. 2 (2016): 335, 360.

Levine, Ruth B., et al. “Stress and Burnout Among U.S. Medical Students: A Systematic Review.” Academic Medicine 84, no. 4 (2009): 505, 511.

Wheeler, Sandie L., and Alexis M. C. Driscoll. “Career Transitions for Lawyers: A Pathway to Meaning and Balance.” Journal of Legal Education 67, no. 1 (2017): 123, 148.

If any of this feels uncomfortably familiar, I’d like to talk with you. A 20-minute consultation is the first step. No commitment, no forms, just a conversation between two professionals.

Annie’s mini-course Enough Without the Effort was built for exactly this pattern.

References

Peer-Reviewed Research (Vancouver)

1. van der Kolk BA, Wang JB, Yehuda R, Bedrosian L, Coker AR, Harrison C, et al. Effects of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD on self-experience. PLoS One. 2024;19(1):e0295926. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0295926. PMID: 38198456.
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3. Porges SW. Polyvagal Theory: Current Status, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions. Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2025;22(3):169-184. doi:10.36131/cnfioritieditore20250301. PMID: 40735382.
4. Reisz S, Duschinsky R, Siegel DJ. Disorganized attachment and defense: exploring John Bowlby's unpublished reflections. Attach Hum Dev. 2018;20(2):107-134. doi:10.1080/14616734.2017.1380055. PMID: 28952412.
5. Greenman PS, Johnson SM. Emotionally focused therapy: Attachment, connection, and health. Curr Opin Psychol. 2022;43:146-150. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.06.015. PMID: 34375935.
6. Brenner EG, Schwartz RC, Becker C. Development of the internal family systems model: Honoring contributions from family systems therapies. Fam Process. 2023;62(4):1290-1306. doi:10.1111/famp.12943. PMID: 37924221.

Books & Cultural Sources (Chicago Author-Date)

• Maté, Gabor. When the Body Says No. A.A. Knopf Canada, 2003.
• Brown, Brené. Daring Greatly. Penguin Audio, 2012.
• Fisher, Janina. Healing the fragmented selves of trauma survivors. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
• Angelou, Maya. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Random House, 1969.

Medical Disclaimer

Medical Disclaimer